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一、1.Emergingorganiccontaminantremovaldependingonprimarytreatmentandoperationalstrategyinhorizontalsubsurfaceflowconstructedwetlands:Influenceofredox.20在水平潜流湿地中基于初级处理和运行方式对新兴有机污染物的去除:氧化还原反应的影响。2.Pretreatmentmethodsforaquaticplantbiomassascarbonsourcesforpotentialuseintreatingeutrophicwaterinsubsurface-flowconstructedwetlands.21潜流人工湿地预处理方法对水生植物生物量作为碳源在富营养化水体处理中的潜在应用。3.Performanceofpilot-scaleconstructedwetlandsforsecondarytreatmentofchromium-bearingtannerywastewaters.14中试规模人工湿地作为制革厂含铬废水的二级处理的性能研究。4.Influenceofplantsonmicrobialactivityinavertical-downflowwetlandsystemtreatingwasteactivatedsludgewithhighorganicmatterconcentrations.21垂直流湿地废水处理系统的含高有机物浓度的活性污泥中微生物活动对植物的影响。5.Toxicityofhighsalinitytannerywastewaterandeffectsonconstructedwetlandplants.12制革厂废水的高盐分对人工湿地植物的毒性和影响。6.Microbialdiversity,tolerance,andbiodegradationpotentialofurbanwetlandswithdifferentinputregimes.13不同给料方法的城市湿地中微生物多样性,耐药性和生物降解潜力。7.Treatmentofestrogensandandrogensindairywastewaterbyaconstructedwetlandsystem.13人工湿地系统对牛奶厂废水中雌激素和雄激素的处理。8.Pollutantremovalinamulti-stagemunicipalwastewatertreatmentsystemcomprisedofconstructedwetlandsandamaturationpond,inatemperateclimate.22在适度气候条件下由人工湿地和成熟塘组成的多阶段生活废水处理系统中的污染物的去除。9.Vegetatedditchesfortreatmentofsurfacewaterwithhighlyfluctuatingwaterregime.12植被沟对高波动的交替进排水机制表面流的处理。10.Nitrogenremovalinanintegratedconstructedwetlandtreatingdomesticwastewater.10在一个整合的人工湿地生活污水处理系统中的氮去除。Wordnumbers:10-22,7of10within17words.FormPubMed.1.Comparisonofinterannualremovalvariationofvariousconstructedwetlandtypes.Hijosa-ValseroM,Sidrach-CardonaR,BécaresE.Abstract\nSevenmesocosm-scale(1m(2))constructedwetlands(CWs)ofdifferentconfigurationswereoperatedoutdoorsforthirty-ninemonthsunderthesameconditionstoassesstheirabilitytoremoveorganicmatterandnutrientsfromurbanwastewaters.CWsdifferedinsomedesignparameters,namelythepresenceofplants,thespecieschosen(i.e.,TyphaangustifoliaorPhragmitesaustralis),theflowconfiguration(i.e.,surfacefloworsubsurfaceflow)andthepresence/absenceofagravelbed.Itwasobservedthat,ingeneral,removalefficienciesdecreasedwiththeagingofthesystemandthatseasonalityhadagreatinfluenceonCWs.AcomparisonwasmadeinordertofigureoutwhichkindofCWwasmoreefficientfortheremovalofeverypollutantinthelongterm.Plantedsystemswereclearlybetterthanunplantedsystemseveninwinter.EfficiencydifferencesamongCWswerenotextremelygreat,especiallyafterafewyears.However,sometypesofCWsweremoreadequatefortheremovalofcertainpollutants.TheeffectoftheagingonthemainparametersinvolvedinpollutantremovalinCWs(temperature,pH,conductivity,dissolvedoxygenconcentrationandredoxpotential)wasassessed.TheefficiencyofCWsshouldnotbeevaluatedbasedonshortmonitoringperiods(1-2years)afterthestart-upofthesystems,butonlongerperiods.对于不同类型的人工湿地年际去除率变化的比较建立了七个不同规模的中性试验生态系人工湿地,在相同户外条件下运行39个月,评估它们去除城市污水中的有机物和营养物质的能力。这些人工湿地在一些设计参数上是不同的,即存在的植物种类,物种的选择,水流的类型(例如表面流或潜流)以及沙砾床的存在与否等方面的不同。可以观察到通常来说,人工湿地的去除效率随着系统年龄的上升而降低,且季节性变化对人工湿地有很大的影响。我们做了一个比较来找出在长期运行上来看哪种人工湿地对去除各种污染物更有效。种有植物的系统即使在冬天也比没有植物的系统要好。这些人工湿地的效率差异是不显著的,尤其在运行多年以后。但是,某些类型的人工湿地更适合去除特定类型的污染物。我们对年龄变化对人工湿地污染物去除的影响的主要参数(温度,pH,导电性,溶解氧浓度和氧化还原电势)也进行了评估。对人工湿地效率评价不能基于建成后短期(1-2年)运行的系统,而是要运行更长时间以后的检测参数才更为有效。SeasonalperformanceofanoutdoorconstructedwetlandforgraywatertreatmentinatemperateclimateJokerstA,SharvelleSE,HollowedME,RoesnerLA.AbstractTheseasonaltreatmentefficiencyofapilot-scaleconstructedwetlandsystemlocatedoutdoorsinasemi-arid,temperateclimatewasevaluatedforgraywaterinacomprehensive,1-yearstudy.Thesystemconsistedoftwowetlandbedsinseries--afreewatersurfacebedfollowedbyasubsurfaceflowbed.Waterqualitymonitoringevaluatedorganics,solids,nutrients,microbials,andsurfactants.Theresultsshowedthatthewetlandsubstantiallyreducedgraywaterconstituentsduringfall,spring,andsummer,includingbiochemicaloxygendemand(BOD)(92%),totalnitrogen(85%),totalphosphorus(78%),totalsuspendedsolids(TSS)(73%),linearalkylbenzenesulfonate(LAS)surfactants(94%),andE.coli(1.7ordersofmagnitude).ExceptforTSS,lowerremovalsofgraywaterconstituentswerenotedinwinter--BOD(78%),totalnitrogen(64%),totalphosphorus(65%),LAS(87%),andE.coli(1.0order),indicatingthat,althoughwetlandtreatment\nslowedduringthewinter,thesystemremainedactive,evenwhentheaveragewatertemperaturewas5.2+/-4.5degreesC.温带气候用于处理灰水的露天人工湿地随季节变化的运行情况对处于半干旱温带地区的中试规模的露天人工湿地系统的季节性处理灰水效率进行了为期一年的综合性评价。这个系统由一个表面流湿地床和一个潜流湿地床串联组成。水质监测包括测定有机物含量,固体,营养物,微生物和表面活性剂的含量等。结果表明湿地在秋季,春季和夏季都可以很大程度上减少灰水成分,达到去除生化需氧量(92%),总氮(85%),总磷(78%),总固体悬浮物(73%),支链烷烃磺酸盐(LAS)表面活性剂(94%)和大肠杆菌(1.7数量级)。除了总固体悬浮物,冬季灰水成分的去除量相对较低--BOD(78%),总氮(64%),总磷(65%),LAS(87%),大肠杆菌(1.0数量级),表明尽管湿地处理效率在冬季会下降,但系统是保持着活性的,甚至在平均水温5.2℃到零下4.5℃时依然有一定的活性。Retentionofheavymetalsandpoly-aromatichydrocarbonsfromroadwaterinaconstructedwetlandandtheeffectofde-icingTrompK,LimaAT,BarendregtA,VerhoevenJT.AbstractAfull-scaleremediationfacilityincludingadetentionbasinandawetlandwastestedforretentionofheavymetalsandPoly-AromaticHydrocarbons(PAHs)fromwaterdrainedfromamotorwayinTheNetherlands.Thefacilityconsistedofadetentionbasin,avertical-flowreedbedandafinalgroundwaterinfiltrationbed.Watersamplesweretakenofroadwater,detentionbasininfluentandwetlandeffluent.Byusingautomatedsampling,wewereabletoobtainreliableconcentrationaveragesper4-weekperiodduring18months.ThesystemretainedthePAHsverywell,withretentionefficienciesof90-95%.Whileenvironmentalstandardsforthesesubstancesweresurpassedintheroadwater,thiswasneverthecaseafterpassagethroughthesystem.Forthemetalsthesituationwasmorecomplicated.Allmetalsstudied(Cu,Zn,Pb,CdandNi)hadconcentrationsfrequentlysurpassingenvironmentalstandardsintheroadwater.Afterpassagethroughthesystem,mostmetalconcentrationswerelowerthanthestandards,exceptforCuandZn.Therewasadramaticeffectofde-icingsaltsontheconcentrationsofCu,Zn,CdandNi,intheeffluentleavingthesystem.ForCu,theconcentrationsevenbecamehigherthantheyhadeverbeenintheroadwater.Itisadvisedtolettheroadwaterbypassthefacilityduringde-icingperiods.人工湿地处理径流污水时重金属和多环芳香烃的停留和对除冰的影响荷兰兴建的由一个滞洪区和一个湿地组成的大规模的修复设施用来测定机动车路排出的污水中重金属和多环芳香烃(PAHs)的停留。该设施包括一个滞洪区,一个垂直流芦苇床和一个最终的地下水渗滤床。水样取自路面径流,蓄洪池支流和湿地出水。通过自动化流样分析,我们可以得到相对可靠地18个月内每四周的平均浓度。这个系统可以很好的拦截多环芳烃,拦截率达90-95%。对这种物质的环境容纳标准高于路面径流,因此通过这个系统的污水可以不用再考虑多环芳烃类物质。对于金属元素来说情况更为复杂。研究的金属元素(Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd和Ni)在路面径流中的浓度都高于环境容纳标准。通过修复系统后,除了\nCu和Zn外很多金属浓度低于环境标准。在该系统的出水中残留的Cu,Zn,Cd和Ni的浓度可以起到很大的融冰盐的效果。对于Cu来说,系统出水浓度甚至比路面径流水中的浓度还高。预示我们可以在需要融冰的时期将路面径流通过该设备进而起到消冰的作用。二、人工湿地污水处理技术的研究和进展常高峰杜书田李万庆天津市环境保护技术开发中心.摘要:本文首先分析了人工湿地的发展历史,进而对人工湿地的概念、原理及组成进行了研究分析。结合近年来人工湿地运行实例,分析了人工湿地在城市建设、景观建设、气候调节、地下水补给以及地表水富营养化治理等方面所起到的作用,突出了人工湿地处理技术在对NP独特的去除效率。同时在对人工湿地处理技术研究的基础上,提出了人工湿地污水处理技术在其发展中的局限性和发展主导方向,指出其在生态城市建设中将会起到重要作用。关链词:人工湿地;污水处理技术;生态城市建设;环境保护ResearchandAdvanceofConstructedWetlandSystemforSewageTreatmentAbstractThearticleanalysedthedevelopmenthistoryofconstructedwetland(CW),thenstudiedtheconcept,principleandconstitutionofCW.Accordingtoconstructedwetlandwhichsucceededinoperatingrecently,discussedthatCWplaystheroleinurbanconstruction,landscapeconstruction,climaticregulation,groundwaterreplenishmentandeutrophicationofsurfacetreatment,highlightsthetreatmenttechnologyofCWplaysaimportantroleontheremovalofnitrogenandphosphorus.Furthermore,weintroducedthelimitationsanddevelopmentorientationaboutthetreatmenttechnologyofCWonthebasisoftheresearchesonconstructedwetlandtechnology,pointedoutitssignificantfunctioninecologicalurbanconstruction.Keywords:Constructedwetland;Wastewatertreatmenttechnology;Ecologicalurbanconstruction;Environmentalprotection水力停留时间变化对两种人工湿地净化效果的影响吴建强王敏唐浩吴健沙晨燕上海市环境科学研究院上海摘要:依托建立在新沂河河漫滩的人工湿地中试工程开展现场试验,研究分析水力停留时间变化对2种人工湿地污染物净化效果的影响。结果表明:水力停留时间的变化显著影响潜流和垂直流湿地污染物净化的效果,2种湿地高锰酸盐指数和氨氮(NH4+-N)去除效果随水力停留时间的变化均呈现先上升后下降的趋势。垂直流湿地显示出比潜流湿地更好、更稳定的污染物净化效果,其高锰酸盐指数和NH4+-N去除效果的最佳停留时间均出现在2d左右,2种污染物的去除率分别达到93.1%和87.7%;而潜流湿地在水力停留时间为2d左右时高锰酸盐指数去除率最高,达到92.3%,在2.5d左右的时候NH4+-N去除率最高,达到81.5%。潜流和垂直流湿地都适合应用于新沂河污染河水的处理,在设计和实践应用中,两者的水力停留时间参数均可设定为2d。关键词:人工湿地;水力停留时间;污染物;净化效果EffectontheVarietyofHydraulicRetentionTimeonTwoConstructedWetlands’NutrientRemovalEfficiency\nAbstractFieldtestwasconductedonthebasisofconstructedwetlandpilot-scaleprojectlocatedinfloodplainofXinyiriver,studiedeffectsofthevarietyofhydraulicretentiontimeontwoconstructedwetlands’purificationresults.Theresultsshowthatthevarietyofhydraulicretentiontimeplayaimportantroleonsubsurfaceflowconstructedwetland(SSFW)andverticalflowconstructedwetland(VFW)fornutrientremoval.Intwowetlandsboththesaltpermanganateindexandtheremovalefficiencyofammonianitrogen(NH4+-N)arealongwiththehydraulicretentiontimechangesfluctuate.VFWshowsmoreadvantagesandstabilizationinnutrientremovalefficiencythanSSFW,theoptimalresidencetimeofthesaltpermanganateindexandtheremovalefficiencyofammonianitrogen(NH4+-N)arealmost2daround,thesetwokindsofpollutantremovalratesare93.1%and87.7%separately;howeverinSSFWwhenthehydraulicretentiontimewas2d,thesaltpermanganateindexremovalefficiencywas92.3%,when2.5daroundtheNH4+-Nremovalefficiencywas81.5%.BothVFWandSSFWaresuitableforthetreatmentofXinyiriver,inThedesignandapplication,thesetwowetlands’hydraulicretentiontimeparameterscanbesetto2d.Keywords:constructedwetland;hydraulicretentiontime;pollutant;purificationefficiency人工湿地除磷研究进展李晓东,孙铁珩,李海波*,王洪(东北大学资源与土木工程学院,沈阳110004;2.沈阳大学环境工程重点实验室,沈阳110044,3中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016摘要:从人工湿地除磷机理着手,综述了国内外有关湿地基质、湿地植物及微生物强化除磷的研究机理以及进展。深入研究多种基质组合对磷素的吸附与解析机理,可以从理论上推进诸多高效除磷基质的实际应用进程;植物间接净化作用及其与湿地水力停留时间的关系,是影响湿地植物选种和种植的重要依据;植物根际微环境以及植物与微生物的耦合作用可能是人工湿地除磷的主要途径之一;强调湿地的污水净化功能而忽视其生态服务功能,是湿地运行中普遍存在的认识错误。最后指出:湿地运行应采取高水力负荷、低污染负荷的方式,强调强化一级处理的重要性。关键词:人工湿地;除磷;基质;耦合作用;生态功能ResearchandAdvanceofConstructedWetlandinPhosphorousRemovalAbstractBasedonconstructedwetlandphosphorusremovalmechanism,thisarticlesummedupdomesticandforeign’smechanismanddevelopmentexpositionsrelatedwetlandsmedium,wetlandplantsandmicrobialenhancedphosphorusremoval.Advancedstudiesaboutavarietyofmatrixcompositionforphosphorusuptakeandanalyticalmechanism,canpushonsomanyefficientsubstratesforphosphorusremovalapplicationprocess;therelationshipbetweenplant’sindirectpurificationandwetland’shydraulicretentiontimebecometheimportantbasiswhichaffectwetlandplantselectionandcultivation;plantrhizosphereandthecouplingeffectofplantsand\nmicroorganismsmaybecomeoneofthemainwaysofphosphorusremovalinconstructedwetlands;thereisacommonmistakethatlaymuchstressonwetlandsewagepurificationfunctionandneglectit’secologicalservicefunction.Finallyitispointedoutthatwetlandoperationshouldbehighhydraulicloadandlowpollutionload.Meanwhiletheprimarytreatmentisnecessarytobeemphasized.Keywords:constructedwetland;phosphorusremovalsubstrate;couplingeffect;ecologicalservicefunction